Exploration of a topic (to be determined) not covered by the standard curriculum but of interest to faculty and students in a particular semester.

Founding and development of institutions. The Revolution and the new nation. Problems of growth and sectionalism. Challenge to the union.

Reconstruction. Industrialization and its effects. Emergence as a world power. Economic and social problems, reforms. Global war and global responsibilities.

Major characteristics of European political, social, and cultural life from Middle Ages to advent of democratic revolutions.

European lives and experiences in the age of industrialization, urbanization, and mass politics. World wars, fascism, the Russian Revolution, empires, Europe in the post-World War II era.

Seminar introduction to some basic humane concerns in cross-cultural context. Topics to be considered include: "Is there meaning in suffering?" "How was the world created?" "What is the ideal friendship?" Readings drawn from primary texts.

The development of global society up to 1750. Exchanges, connections and interactions between Africa, Asia and the Pacific, India, Latin America and the Caribbean, and the Middle East. The relations between these regions, the Americas and Europe.

The development of global society since 1750. Exchanges, connections and interactions between Africa, Asia and the Pacific, India, Latin America and the Caribbean, and the Middle East. The relations between these regions, the Americas and Europe.

Role of history and archaeology in our understanding of 17th- to 19th-century Europe, Africa, and America. Historical archaeology as a mechanism to critique perceptions of the past. Firsthand record of ethnic groups and cultural settings not recorded in writing.

Offered through SUAbroad by educational institution outside the United States. Student registers for the course at the foreign institution and is graded according to that institution's practice. SUAbroad works with the SU academic department to assign the appropriate course level, title, and grade for the student's transcript.

Exploration of a topic (to be determined) not covered by the standard curriculum but of interest to faculty and students in a particular semester.

Introduction to the excitement and techniques of original research. Each seminar begins with introductory readings in a particular area of history; each student researches a question in original sources and presents the results in one or more essays.

An introductory survey of Middle East history beginning with the rise of Islam. Includes culture, social life, women and politics, early Arab Empires, the Ottomans and Safavids, intellectual renaissance.

A survey of modern Middle East history from roughly the 20th century, covering the nation-states from Iran to Morocco. Includes culture, social life, colonialism and nationalism, feminism, and political change.

The Ancient Mediterranean emphasizing major political, cultural, religious, and social developments. The Near East, Classical Greece, Hellenistic Civilization, Roman Republic, Roman Empire up to the fourth century A.D. May not be repeated for credit.

Survey of developments from the end of the Roman Empire to the beginnings of the Age of Discovery. Considers political and economic developments, as well as society, culture, and religion.

A survey of African history from ancient times to 1800. Focuses on political, social, economic, and environmental history of the continent. Themes: state formation, technology, production, trade, religion, migration, labor, slave trade, and biological exchanges.

A survey of modern African history since 1800. Themes include nineteenth-century western images of Africa, pre-colonial changes, Western Imperialism, African anti-imperialism, colonial economic and social transformation, nationalism, cold war, decolonization, post colonial developments and changes.

Examines sexuality in America from the colonial period to the present, exploring how American views of sex and desire have changed over time.

Britain from the Roman occupation through the Revolution of 1688.

Continuation of HST 231 from 1688.

Participation in a discipline or subject related experience. Student must be evaluated by written or oral reports or an examination. Permission in advance with the consent of the department chairperson, instructor, and dean. Limited to those in good academic standing.

Offered through SUAbroad by educational institution outside the United States. Student registers for the course at the foreign institution and is graded according to that institution's practice. SUAbroad works with the S.U. academic department to assign the appropriate course level, title, and grade for the student's transcript.

Offered only is Strasbourg. Examines the evolution of French and North American (U.S.) national identities and cultures from 1919 to the present.

Exploration of a problem, or problems, in depth. Individual independent study upon a plan submitted by the student. Admission by consent of supervising instructor(s) and the department.

Exploration of a topic (to be determined) not covered by the standard curriculum but of interest to faculty and students in a particular semester.

Introduces new History majors to the discipline. Students will learn about historical evidence and its analysis; how to ask and answer historical questions; to construct and critique historical arguments; to find primary and secondary sources.

European invasion of America. Native American resistance. Institutions of conquest, colonization, and empire. Anglicization of the colonists and the acculturation of the Iroquois. Servitude, slavery, and the family.

Provincial America, its peoples, and their societies. Imperial war and administration. Anglo-American politics and dissent. The war of national liberation. Confederation; formation of the Constitution.

Development of political parties and institutions from 1789 to 1850. Impact of major figures, such as Jefferson and Jackson. Social and economic factors.

Coming of the Civil War, leading figures in the crises, and problems of reconstructing the divided nation.

Explores the development of social and political protest for civil rights from World War I through the 1970's.

World War I. Social/political development in the twenties. Impact of the Depression. Roosevelt and the New Deal. World War II. Cold War, McCarthyism, private culture of the fifties, emergence of the Civil Rights movement.

The Great Society. Domestic ferment in the sixties. Vietnam. Watergate. Economic defeats of the seventies and eighties. Ronald Reagan's America. The politics of the nineties and the shaping of new prosperity.

A global approach to modern African history from the late 19th century to the present; places Africa in global context of themes such as western imperialism, colonial economies, global conflicts, decolonization, development, global security, environment, health and disease, among other topics.

History of Western Europe from c. 300 to c. 850. Political, religious, cultural, social, and economic developments. Special emphasis on reading and analyzing primary sources.

Political, economic, religious, cultural history of Europe 800-1200, including the fall and rise of royal authority, disagreements over the roles of church and king, economic change, developing ideas and technologies, the rise of cities.

How the Europe of Bach, Mozart, Voltaire, and Frederick the Great became the Europe of Beethoven, Goethe, the French Revolution, and Napoleon.

Domestic development and foreign relations of major European states. Industrialization, urbanization, emergence of mass political parties, socialism and class conflict, social reform, growth of nationalist loyalties, imperialism, causes of World War I.

World War I as the great divide. Why fascism, crisis for democracies, Soviet dictatorship and its impact on Europeans, and World War II emerged one generation later.

History of Europe from the fall of the Nazi-led 'New Order' to the present. Cold War in East/West Europe, economic growth/social change, decolonization, welfare state, fall of Communism, European Union, and contemporary Europe.

An exploration of the social, economic, and political histories of Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Syria, Yemen and Bahrain since independence to understand the contexts and reasons for the revolutions that began in 2011.

Political, economic, social and cultural history before 1650. Emphasis on sources of change and stability. Main themes: Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism; invasion and rebellion: conquest and consolidation. May not be repeated for credit.

Political, economic, social and cultural history since 1650. Main themes: Social change in city and countryside, impact of Western nations, enduring legacies of traditional China.

Development of Amer-Indian civilization and the Spanish conquests. Evolution of the Spanish American economy and the unique American culture. Growth of the plantation economy of Brazil. The movements toward independence.

The turmoil of the postindependence period and the search for economic and political stability. Reasons for and consequences of export-led growth. The role of the United States in preserving the status quo in the Americas.

Developments since World War I. Political, economic, and social change and growth of nationalism.

Formation of traditional Indian kinship, religion, philosophy, and culture. Vedic society and the rise of Buddhism. Medieval Hindu kingdoms. Expansion and the legacy of Islam. Rise and disintegration of the Mughal empire.

British colonial expansion in India. Emergence of nationalism and related movements of religious, social, and cultural reform. Gandhi and non-violence. Struggle for independence and the politics of gender, class, caste, and religious community.

Focuses on the experiences of enslaved and emancipated people in North and South America and the Caribbean to understand the role of slavery in the creation of the modern world. Comparisons of African and Native American slavery & indentured servitude c. 1492-1888.

Explores American sport as a lens through which to view race relations from the era of slavery to the present day.

Cultural, economic, political, and social developments shaping experiences of North Americans of African descent. Foundations of collective identity and diversity. African American historiography. Interpretive and methodological issues in historical practice.

Continuation of AAS/HST 332.

This course examines the historical relationship between the United States and the Middle East from the late 18th century to the present.

This course examines the history of U.S. foreign relations from 1898 to the present. It focuses on the political, economic, ideological, and cultural influences on U.S. foreign policy and the implications of American power broadly defined.

This course examines the history, politics, and culture of media in the Middle East.

Survey of the history of science and technology in a global context from the ancient world to the present.

Focus on significant social and political transformation, activism, and individuals

Evolution, operation, and perceptions of the American presidency during the last quarter- century. Modern chief executives and factors contributing to their success or failure.

American political thought from the impact of Darwinian science to the present. Basic thought patterns of 20th-century public life and philosophical foundations of contemporary political movements.

By studying food in pre-modern Europe, this course sheds light on changes in taste, religion, social structures, politics, and economy over roughly 2000 years. Grades are based on in-class exams, written assignments, and discussion.

This course examines the influence of non-violent and violent social protest in U.S. history, including movements against slavery, inequality, poor working conditions, racism, war, and sex and gender discrimination.

This course explores the interstate systems of ancient Greece and Rome through international relations theory.

In this course we will examine major themes in the political consciousness and popular culture of modern America, as they are reflected in contemporary films.

This course introduces students to the models and methods developed in the field of queer theory and applies them to a wide range of medieval texts (letters, novels, monastic rules, medieval historiography, legal texts etc.).

Focus on significant social and political transformation, activism, and individuals.

Examines the Cold War rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union from a global perspective.

Investigates the contemporary relationship between North/South Korea and Japan to understand ongoing disputes over islands, history textbooks, and Comfort Women, among other issues. Topics covered include: colonial era, nationalism, culture, Korea Wave, and more.

Ancient Greek political, economic, social, and cultural history based on interpretation of primary sources, both literary and archaeological, from the Bronze Age through Alexander the Great.

Ancient Roman political, economic, social, and cultural history based on interpretation of primary sources, both literary and archaeological, from the foundation of the city to the dissolution of the Empire in the west.

The late Roman Empire and the Mediterranean world from c.200 to c.700. Political, religious, cultural, social history. Rise of Christianity, transformation of classical culture, and the so-called Decline and Fall of Rome.

Renaissance in Italy, between 1330 and 1500. Political, economic, and intellectual developments. Also offered regularly abroad.

History of Italy from the end of the Renaissance to the present. Struggle for unification, rise of fascism, and transformations of postwar Italy.

Renaissance and Reformation in 16th-17th century England. Transformation of politics, culture, and society from Henry VIII through the reign of Charles I, 1485-1649.

This course examines the theory and practices of democracy from ancient Athenian democracy to the modern nation-state in a comparative historical framework.

Political, cultural, and intellectual history of Britain from 1850. Considers the idea of Britishness as national identity, cultural construct, or imperial discourse. Questions the meaning of modernity as a model for change.

Political turbulence as the legacy of revolution and empire. Lushness and crisis. Peasants, workers, city people, army officers, psychiatrists, and priests. France in the age of total war.

Causes and consequences of the first unification of Germany: Authoritarian and military characteristics of Prussia. Its response to modern challenges. Bismarck's unification of Germany under Prussia. Strengths and weaknesses of the new German Empire. Overthrow in 1918.

Rise of Nazism, fall of the Weimar Republic, fascist ideology, everyday life under Nazism for "Aryans," Jews, disabled people, Roma, gay people, Afro-Germans, others. Planning for genocide, the Holocaust, reactions and memories after 1945.

Aftermath of World War II. Development of a corporatist form of capitalist democracy in West Germany and a communist state in East Germany, 1945-1989. Burdens from the Nazi past. Unification in 1990. The current scene.

Russian history from Muscovy to the Revolution of 1905, with an emphasis on political institutions, the stratification of society, and the growth of the intelligentsia.

A survey of Russian history from the Revolution of 1905 to the present, including WW I and revolutions of 1917, Leninism, Stalinism and the collapse of the USSR.

History of Modern East Africa from the second half of the 19th century to the present examining global connections, Western imperialism, colonialism, race and society, labor, nationalism, decolonization, political transformation, panafricanism, and postcolonial challenges

Examines the social, institutional, political, and cultural dimensions of disease, healthcare and medicine in Europe from the early modern period to the present day.

Topics include globalization and interdependency of faiths, the "clash of civilizations", relations between religion and state in Islam and Christianity and whether it is possible to separate the world into monolithic entities "Islam" and "West". Offered in London only.

Major developments in military history of World War I and World War II. Film as one tool for understanding nature and scope of conflicts that changed the world.

Survey of American military history from the colonial period to the present.

Challenging common myths (religion is a premodern relic, specific to extremist Islam) this course centers modern democratic processes, media, and gendered power in contemporary politics of religion in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Burma.

This course examines caste in India, from colonial times until today. It studies the routine reproduction of unequal caste identities, the experience of `impure¿ personhood, and varied forms of protest undertaken against caste inequality.

This course examines the historical phenomenon of crusade, with particular emphasis on the first four crusades to the Holy Land and on crusades within Europe.

An exploration of history, social change, and culture in the Middle East through film, music, television, sports, and the internet. Focused on the average citizen asking questions about gender roles, youth culture, and national identity

Seminar on expansion of the British Empire (emphasis on India and Africa) in the 18th and 19th centuries. Explores histories of conquest, administration and imperial policy, and the ideologies of imperialism and colonialism.

This course investigates the role of death in medieval everyday life, mentality, culture and religion. We study concepts of the afterlife, funerary rituals, the cult of relics, medieval life cycles and emotional responses to death.

History of the city of Venice from its origins to the present. Considers Venice as an independent republic and imperial power and its significance in the Western imagination.

Focus on Ottomans, Italy, France, Iberia, North Africa, 1348-1789. Topics include international relations and empire-building in Africa, Asia, and Europe; commerce, piracy, plague, religion, family/sexuality, architecture, political and cultural developments during Renaissance, Age of Discovery Enlightenment.

Explores the intersection of gender and race in colonial ideologies, imperial practices and anti-colonial resistance. Focus on British and French colonial empires, 19th and 20th centuries, and the US.

Offered through SUAbroad by educational institution outside the United States. Student registers for the course at the foreign institution and is graded according to that institution's practice. SUAbroad works with the S.U. academic department to assign the appropriate course level, title, and grade for the student's transcript.

Course examines: definitions and interpretations of genocide; case studies of mass killing and atrocity in multiple global contexts during the twentieth century (Armenia, Cambodia, Holocaust, Rwanda, Soviet Union, and others).

The Cold War had a profound influence on popular culture. How did the superpower competition between Washington and Moscow shape popular culture in the United States and globally? Drawing on a range of films, fictional and non-fictional accounts, and music, this class explores the intersection of history, politics, and culture.

American political thought from the Puritans to Lincoln. American Revolution, establishment of the Constitution, and Jeffersonian and Hamiltonian systems.

Relationship between Americans and the natural environment from the colonial period to the present. Ecological imperialism, technology and nature, resource-management conflicts, urban environments, development of conservation and environmentalism.

The role of law in American history from the colonial period to the present. The common law, the Constitution, the market revolution, slavery and emancipation, laissez-faire, legal realism, the New Deal, and civil rights.

The history of American deviance and dissent from colonial Massachusetts to the present. Social transformation and the rise of urban crime. The changing role of the state. Police, radicalism, alcohol, vice, sexuality, and organized crime.

The role that religion may have played in women's understandings of themselves as abolitionists and social reformers. A selected group of women will be studied, with considerable attention given to Frances Harper.

An exploration of Vietnam in public memory through film and personal memoirs.

The history of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender experience in period and region (North America, Europe, or Global) of instructor's expertise, with attention to the international context..

Exploration of a problem, or problems, in depth. Individual independent study upon a plan submitted by the student. Admission by consent of supervising instructor(s) and the department.

Examines legends surrounding Mary Magdalene, from New Testament to Da Vinci Code. Uses diverse primary sources and scholarship; traces the legend's evolution and examines its changing significance.

Examines the military, political, social, and cultural history of the Korean War, atrocities, refugees, historical memory, the continual division of the peninsula, US military and economic involvement in Korea and East Asia, and North Korea.

Examines the adoption of socialism in East Asia. Historical account of how socialist China, Mongolia, North Korea and Vietnam arose, developed, "failed" and responded to globalization in the 20th century.

Examines Japanese society from early-modern times (1600-1868) through modern (1868-1945) and postwar Japan (1945-today). Topics include: urbanization, mass culture and nationalism, popular protest, imperialism and empire, gender, war and occupation and globalization.

Examines political, economic and social history from 1860 until today. Topics include: colonialism, modernity, division, the Korean War, nation-building, nationalism, democratization, North Korean society, inter-Korean affairs, nuclear issues, Korean Diaspora and "Korea Wave."

Investigates notions of sanctity and modes to impose morality and social discipline in the medieval period. Reading narrative texts (esp. saints lives and literary texts) as historical sources.

Investigates the rise of monasticism in the West as a case study on institution forming and the attempts to organize perfect life in a community..

Exploration of a topic (to be determined) not covered by the standard curriculum but of interest to faculty and students in a particular semester.

Research techniques in the use of source material and historical evidence. Preparation of original research paper. Satisfies research requirement for history majors and minors.

Evolution and diverse character of North American slavery and antislavery. Slavery as labor, legal, and property system, cultural and political phenomenon, and social and economic network. Politics and ethics of abolition.

Compares the presentation of US history through documentary film and traditional written sources. Special attention is given to telling history as an act of public memory.

Exploration of the history of American popular culture and the use of popular culture to study history.

Offered only in Santiago. This seminar features in-situ lectures and activities in Chile, Argentina and Uruguay introducing important political, sociological and environmental issues in the Southern Cone region.

History of modern Iraq from early 20th century to present, Iraqi cultural life, labor movement, socialist politics, women's movement, warfare and masculinity, blogging, the Iran-Iraq war, the Gulf War, sanctions, 2003 invasion and aftermath.

Authorized and "alternative" sexuality in Europe 15th to 18th centuries (especially Italy, France, and England.) "Licit love" (courtship, marriage, conjugal relations) as opposed to "illicit unions" (adultery, rape, prostitution, bestiality, homosexuality, lesbianism). Offered only in Florence.

History of witchcraft from various perspectives: its intellectual roots, the causes and dynamics of the witch-hunt, and the beliefs and self-perceptions of those who were called "witches". Offered only in Florence.

Interaction of science with technology from 1700 to the present. Technological artifacts and their scientific background. Development of new technology from scientific research and from old-fashioned dreaming and tinkering.

Offered only in Strasbourg. This course is designed to help students grasp the overall nature of contemporary Eastern and Central Europe, with emphasis on the breakup of the Soviet Union, and challenges of democratization and of EU unification.

Offered only in Madrid. Starting with an analysis of current political, social, economic, and cultural issues in Spain, students define problems and questions, then review Spanish history to find the roots of those problems.

Offered only in Beijing. This course surveys the political, social, and cultural history of Qing China, using the great city of Beijing, the Qing capital, as its backdrop.

Offered only in London. US role in foreign policy from a British and global communmity perspective and issues of US identity and place in the world. Events include Suez Crisis, Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam, 9/11, the War on Terror.

Offered only in Strasbourg. The first part of course focuses on question of borders/territorial change, construction of nations, and emergence/collapse of empires. The second part examines general problems common to post-communist countries.

Offered only in Strasbourg. Topics covered include European and American perspectives on Middle East; cultural, social and economic issues, such as inter-religious dialogue, migration and drug trafficking; the status of Turkey; Afghanistan and state terrorism.

Offered in Madrid only. History of women in Spain from primitive communities to the present. Topics include medieval, Golden Age, Enlightenment, and Romanticism; liberalism and feminism; women under Franco; Marxism and feminism; feminist movement in Spain.

Offered only in Florence. Sociological and historical approach examining the social, political, and historical conditions for and consequences of the rise of the Italian Mafia.

Science and technology since 1900 and its social impact. How existing knowledge is maintained and extended in scientific research, how doubts and errors enter research literature, how reports can be deliberately manipulated using tactics from lobbying and public relations. Offered regularly through Syracuse Abroad.

Examines the trajectories of and interactions between China, Japan, and Korea, with a focus on the implications of these developments for the region and the United States.

Offered only in London. Examines the ways in which migration has shaped and reworked British national identity over the past two thousand years through the study of original historical sources, literature, film and music, and explores the contributions that migrants have made to modern British society.

This course will examine why White Nationalism and Right-wing Populism have become so prominent on the early 21st-century American political landscape. Although White Nationalism and Right Populism have long been evident in the US, we will explore why they have achieved such significance in recent years.

Offered only in Santiago. The time period (1940-present) and its significance and contributions to the configuration of social, political and economic aspects of Chile today. Relies on primary sources, comparisons within the Southern Cone, and a focus on US role and influence during this period.

Course analyzes food in modern European history including agricultural and urban transformation, changes in production and consumption,and how food shapes social relationships, bodies, and culture. Topics covered include imperialism and decolonization, nationalism, fascism,communism, and migration.

This seminar will examine the complex and varied Black urban experiences in the 20th and 21st centuries from the 1890s to the present.

This course is an exploration of Haudenosaunee history, culture, and sovereignty in an international context.

This course is the first half of a two-part survey of Native American history. In this course, we will explore Native history from the pre-colonial era to 1830.

This course is the second half of a two-part survey of Native American history. In this course, we will explore Native history from 1830 to the present day.

This course is an exploration of the history of Native representation in the popular mediums of film and literature.

Through comparative study in six countries and their urban centers, students will explore some of the most rapidly changing regions in Europe with attention paid to issues of identity, memory and history of Central Europe. Offered only through Syracuse Abroad.

Myth and history of the Underground in the context of African American freedom efforts. Emphasis on events, personalities, and sites in upstate New York. Student field research and exploration of archival and Internet resources. Additional work required of graduate students.

Maps, Power, History (MPH) examines the role and place of maps in the societies that produced and consumed them. We will consider maps as visual embodiments of space that are uniquely human endeavors that produce and reproduce deeply rooted cultural concepts and beliefs and that contribute to the places they depict and represent.

Offered only in Strasbourg. Historical evolution of the concept of international security within the framework of European security-related institutions and the place of Europe in the context of new security challenges.

Offered only in Hong Kong. Examines the historical and contemporary forces that shape the cultural, social and economic institutions in East Asia and how these institutions affect one another.

Offered only in London. British political system and the historical factors shaping it, as well as Britain's role in creating the modern world and its place in the world today.

Study of the rise of the French Republic, its revolutions, and its recurrent lapses into authoritarian rule, notably under Napoleon I and III. Conducted in French. Offered in Strasbourg only. [Effective spring 2009]

Analysis of major events in recent French history, including the rise of the Popular Front, the Nazi Occupation, the end of colonial rule, and the process of European integration. conducted in French. Offered in Strasbourg only. [Effective spring 2009]

Offered only in Florence. Contemporary visual culture; its representation of gender, religion, and politics and the origins of that representation in a pictorial language first codified in Italy and Europe between circa 1450 and 1650.

Offered only in Florence. Italian society and politics from unification to present. Topics include role of the family, emigration and immigration, stereotypes and regional identities, processes and components of Italian society and culture. Analysis of current situation and future challenges.

Politics, society, war, and peace in Europe, 1919-1992. Nazi Germany, WW II, the Cold War, post-war reconstruction, social and economic transformations, and the revolutions of 1989 in Eastern Europe. Offered only in Florence.

Family structures and gender relations in Italy from the Unification to the present. Offered only in Florence.

Relationship between the sexes in politics, philosophy, literature, and art. Emergence of a dissident "voice" relative to gender identity and social role, with implications for race and religion. Offered only in Florence.

Offered only in London. Students travel to Dublin, Derry, and Belfast to learn how Ireland's past is entangled with its present. Concepts of Irish and British national identities; religious conflict and peace-making attempts within Ireland; new tensions wrought by international migration and regional politics.

Participation in a discipline or subject related experience. Student must be evaluated by written or oral reports or an examination. Permission in advance with the consent of the department chairperson, instructor, and dean. Limited to those in good academic standing.

Offered regularly through Syracuse Abroad. Seminar including field study in multiple Central Europe locations. Examines how borders and identities have shifted over time, and the role of these shifts on the current rise of populism in the region.

Offered only in London. What do eleven important art objects teach us about London¿s history as the world¿s most global city? Students trace history of each object from its origins, to arrival in London, up to present, and learn about the artists and their contexts.

Offered through SUAbroad by educational institution outside the United States. Student registers for the course at the foreign institution and is graded according to that institution's practice. SUAbroad works with the S.U. academic department to assign the appropriate course level, title, and grade for the student's transcript.

Examine twentieth-century history of East and Central Europe by focusing on key socio-political phenomena of nationalism, dictatorship, and civil society. Look at political and social history through the lens of arts, literature and film.

Offered only in Madrid. This traveling seminar explores the interweaving of Muslim, Jewish, and Christian cultures during the Middle Ages, the resulting tensions, and the lasting cultural and social impacts on present-day Spain and the modern world.

For senior history majors. Research on one topic under supervision of a faculty member. Admission with consent of instructor and the department.

In-depth exploration of a problem or problems.  Individual independent study upon a plan submitted by the student. Admission by consent of supervising instructor or instructors and the department.

Conducting research and writing a thesis for departmental distinction in History under the guidance of a faculty member.

Conducting research and writing a thesis for departmental distinction in History under the guidance of a faculty member.

Completion of an Honors Capstone Project under the supervision of a faculty member.

Exploration of a topic (to be determined) not covered by the standard curriculum but of interest to faculty and students in a particular semester.

Particular periods or aspects of African American history.